How to Shift Gears on a Bicycle?

Learning how to shift gears on a bicycle is important for getting an improved riding experience; using the bike gears properly will give you more efficient riding and conserve energy for different types of terrains. If you are riding on a flat surface, climbing a hill, descending a slope or understanding the bike gear system, it is important to understand each part of cycling very well. In this guide, we will explain how to switch gears on a bicycle and give you a detailed breakdown of the key components of a bike's gear system. Also, you will get a brief overview of bike gears explained.

How Many Gears Are in a Cycle?

Before we go deeper into the mechanics of shifting gears, let’s first be clear about how many gears are present in a cycle. Bicycles come in a wide range of gears, right from single-speed models to as many as 24 gears and above. The number of bike gears depends on the number of front chainrings (those attached to the pedals) and rear cogs (attached to the rear wheel). These combined together allow you to change the resistance and effort that is required when pedalling. 

For instance, a bike with three chainrings at the front and eight cogs at the rear would have 24 gear combinations, often referred to as a 24-speed gear cycle. The type of bike and its intended use often determine how many gears are ideal in cycle configurations. A casual rider might use only a few gears, whereas a cyclist who handles different terrains would bike gear options. 

How Do You Use Bike Gears?

The first question that comes to your mind when purchasing a bike is how do you use bike gear to improve your ride? The main aim of shifting gears is to adjust the resistance you feel while pedalling.  In lower gears, the resistance is reduced, making it easier to pedal uphill or start from a stop. In higher gears, the resistance increases, allowing you to pedal faster on flat terrain or downhill. Well, the answer to how do you use bike gears? Shifting gears would allow you to maintain a steady speed and a good pedalling rhythm in different types of terrain. Most bicycle gears use two shifters located on the handlebars to shift gears. The left shifter controls the front derailleur, which moves the chain between the front chainrings. The right shifter controls the rear derailleur, which moves the chain across the rear cogs. Together, these two shifters give you control over the entire bike gear system.

How to Switch Gears on a Bicycle?

Learning how to switch gears on a bicycle is a skill in itself. But this skill comes with tremendous practice. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown to help you get started:

Familiarise Yourself with the Shifters:

On most bikes, the left shifter adjusts the front chainrings (for bigger shifts in resistance), while the right shifter controls the rear cogs (for finer adjustments). Practice using both shifters to understand how they work.

Keep Pedaling While Shifting:

To shift gears smoothly, make sure you keep pedalling as you change gears. However, do not pedal much to prevent excessive wearing on the chain and derailleurs.

Know the Terrain:

Before you reach a hill or an incline, prepare by shifting to an easier gear. Shifting while already climbing can be difficult and may strain your gear cycle mechanism. On flat roads, stay in a medium gear that allows you to maintain a steady pedalling rhythm.

Shift One Gear at a Time:

Quickly shifting gears can cause the chain to derail. Instead, shift the gear slowly. Adjust your bike gear mechanism one step at a time to ensure smooth transitions.

Avoid Cross-Chaining:

Cross-chaining happens when you use the largest chainring at the front with the largest cog at the rear or the smallest chainring with the smallest cog. This places undue stress on the chain and drivetrain. To prolong the life of your gear cycle mechanism, avoid extreme gear combinations.

Bike Gears Explained for Different Terrains

Let’s dive into bike gears explained for different types of terrain:

Flat Terrain:

On flat roads, there is an obvious need for middle-range cycle gear. This allows you to maintain a steady speed without pressurising your legs. In a speed gear cycle, this might mean using the middle chainring in combination with one of the middle cogs on the rear cassette.

Uphill Rides:

When climbing hills, switch to a lower gear. Lower gears (smaller chainrings at the front and larger cogs at the rear) make it easier to pedal uphill. Anticipate the hill and shift before you begin climbing, as this will allow you to maintain momentum.

Downhill Rides:

When riding downhill, you must be thinking about how do you use bike gears. Well, using or shifting in an uphill region can be done by shifting into a higher gear (larger chainrings at the front and smaller cogs at the rear). This will allow you to increase your speed without pedalling too quickly.

Headwinds and Tailwinds:

If you’re riding into a headwind, switching gears on a bike is utmost necessary. With a tailwind, you can shift to a higher gear to take advantage of the wind to push forward. 

How Many Gears in Bike for Different Riders?

When you are a new buyer of a bicycle, you must be wondering how many gears are present in the bike for its smooth functioning. The answer to how many gears in cycle depends on your riding style and the terrain you usually ride on. For example, a casual rider would not require many gears, while a professional cyclist will need many gears as the rider encounters different terrains like hilly terrain and rough surfaces, etc. In this case, a cycle with an excellent gear cycle mechanism will work wonders. 

In case you are wondering how do you use bike gears, first list down the type of terrain you ride on and consider how often you tackle such terrains. Also, note down the speed. A 21-gear cycle is a good choice for general use, while those riding on steep hills or varying terrain might prefer more options than any other cycle with a good bike gear system. Cyclists riding in urban environments get to ride on flat roads mostly with a few gears. However, the same riders get to switch to a gear cycle mechanism whenever necessary. 

How Does Gear Cycle Mechanism Work? 

The gear cycle mechanism moves the chain from one set of gears to another, adjusting the resistance you feel when pedalling. The front derailleur moves the chain across the front chainrings, while the rear derailleur shifts the chain across the rear cogs. This process is controlled by the shifters on your handlebars, allowing you to choose the correct gear combination for the terrain. 

Maintaining your gear cycle mechanism is important in understanding the smoothness of the ride and the durability, reliability and quality of the bicycle. Regularly cleaning and lubricating the chain and checking the tension on your cables are of utmost importance for maintaining the bike gear system. If you notice that the gears are skipping or shifting gears feel right, it is time to service the bike’s drivetrain. 

Choosing the Right Bike Gear System for Your Needs

Different bikes come with different bike gear system configurations. If you're looking for versatility, consider a gear cycle with more gears. Brands like cycle offer the best options for you that cater to different types of needs. If you are riding on the city surface, hilly terrain, or rough terrain, understanding the gear cycle mechanism will help you get a better riding experience most of the time. For regular rides, make sure the bike gear system is well-suited to your terrain. Also, knowing 

how to switch gears on a bicycle and ways to use it efficiently will make the ride smoother and more enjoyable.

FAQs

Q. Can I shift gears on a bicycle while standing up?

A. Yes, you can shift gear on a bicycle while standing. But it will be good if you shift the gear while sitting for smoother gear transitions. Shifting the gear while standing will strain the drivetrain, so do not apply much force on the pedals when changing gears to avoid damaging the chin or derailleurs.

Q. Why do bikes have different numbers of gears?

A. Bikes have many gears to accommodate different riding styles and terrains. The number of gears give a good grip, making it easier to handle different terrains or driving in an increased speed on a flat surface. Less number of gears are simple and low maintenance. This bicycle is ideal for casual commuters. 

Q. What happens if I don’t shift gears at the right time?

A. If you don’t shift gears at the right time, you may experience excessive strain on your legs or the bike's drivetrain. For example, when you are starting a hilly ride, you may face difficulty in pedalling, while descending a shill, your legs might face a lot of strain even though you aren’t generating a lot of speed.

Q. How often should I maintain my bike’s gear system?

A. You should regularly inspect and maintain your bike’s gear system to ensure smooth performance. Clean and lubricate the chain every few weeks if you are a frequent rider. It is good if you have a full-cycle tune-up every six months or whenever you notice any issues, such as skipping gear or difficult shifting.

FURTHER READING:

Geared vs Non Geared Cycle Which is the Best

Single Speed Cycles vs.Gear Bikes: Which Is Right for You?

Why are Drivetrains, Gears and Chains Always on the right hand side?